The Arms Industry and International Security

Around the globe, and over all social orders, present day outfitted clashes incorporate the utilization of current weaponry particularly the little arms. The little arms are a class of little guns that are modest and accessible to most members of equipped conflict.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The Arms Industry and International Security explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The estimating of guns especially from Asian makers makes them accessible to all individuals at war. Also, the nearness of corrupt arms vendors in who sell guns in unpredictable ways has prompted securing of weapons by bunches that have little power over the utilization of the arms (Cukier et al 22). Arms producers and vendors may advance security of countries by offering guns to nations with stable governments. The arms guarantee dependability of the legislature and forestall minority revolts from executing disarray and political agitation in an in any case tranquil con dition. Notwithstanding, a quandary rises where the administrations of serene districts don't record any critical utilization of the guns. For this situation, the guns possessing the legislature don't wear out or become mixed up in any military showdown. The legislatures at that point stop to be reasonable clients of the arms business (Deng and Zartman 31). Compelled to thrive, the arms makers and brokers go to strife zones for promising arms advertise. It is, be that as it may, questionable whether the arms exchange powers the savagery of a contention which has just begun. The world has known clash in the entire history of humankind. Wars and savage character of the individuals engaged with equipped clashes existed even before the creation of guns. In such manner, there is a likelihood that the cutting edge guns exchange has expanded the death rate or the financial crumbling that come to fruition with each major furnished clash (Diamond 43). What's more, the advanced arms can be vi ewed as like the guns of the past in that they cause a similar impact in the wars they are utilized in. The advanced guns are clearly increasingly destructive that the weapons that were utilized in past fighting and their utilization definitely prompts progressively grave outcomes. In any case, the craving of individuals to take up arms and spread furnished clashes has been available in the general public since forever, and has just died down in the cutting edge times because of selection of new age belief systems of concurrence and the estimation of harmony and human life (Spitzer 30).Advertising Looking for paper on political culture? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Apart from repercussions of furnished regional clash, another issue legitimately connected to the arms business is the inner uncertainty. The accessibility of little arms to negligible lawbreakers and sorted out groups of hoodlums has guaranteed their endurance a nd capacity to bear the difficulty of the security powers. The greater level of the nearby wrongdoing in many nations including lethal attacks incorporates the utilization of a gun from a conspicuous firearm producer (UNIDIR 16). Besides, the bigger level of the firearms present in the non military personnel populace is directed to the client through untrustworthy arms vendors. Arms sellers and the arms fabricating industry, therefore, assume a basic job in proliferation of viciousness and the assortment of issues that harrow the world security (Stohl and Grillot 25). The governments’ inability to control the exercises of arms sellers keeps on filling clashes and spread fierce oppressive guideline in creating nations especially in Africa. Generally new arms producers particularly in South Africa and Egypt offer arms to undocumented clients inside the mainland influenced by a heap of outfitted clashes the arms exchange is an essential segment for endurance of legitimate govern ments, yet the assigned end client of all firearms sold decides the capacity of maverick people and gatherings to execute pointless viciousness. The good and political part of arms industry can be broke down from a few points of view. The arms business is a rewarding endeavor for a portion of the created nations in the west. These nations offer arms to the less created nations with a flimsy world of politics without considering the genuine security issues that these weapons present. Despite what might be expected, the created nations focus on expansion of weapons of mass devastation, which could represent a risk to their own security. At present, the weapons of mass annihilation present less critical threat to regular citizen life since their application and impacts are not of any significant political importance. The consequences of use of such weapons are probably going to be huge pulverization with no political increase. Individuals with voracity for power utilize little arms to encourage their closures. In collection of guns in a nation with flawed, political respectability is probably going to cause a grave compassionate emergencies if there should be an occurrence of the breakdown of the overarching government. Besides, arms ventures are situated in created nations in the west and the Far East and have a capacity of controlling the arms exchange. A mystery rises where these nations send out weaponry including military airplane and maritime war gear to war torn locales while the residential utilizations of these weapons are nil.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on The Arms Industry and International Security explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The control of the exchange customary arms is hard to set up since the weaponry is normally acknowledged standard weaponry that is essential for national security not at all like the weapons of mass pulverization that must be utilized for annihilation. The acquisition of arms to guar antee national security is given need over the more significant local security for the non military personnel populace. Expanded arms exchange has consistently come about into terribly unfavorable philanthropic conditions (Maze et al. 7). As of late, the arms assembling and exchange have been moved from the control of the specialists to private business people. The industrialist arrangements the business people flourish with propel them to offer their weaponry to any willing purchaser of the item. The arms seller doesn't make a thought of the impacts of the weapons in the social orders where the weapons will be utilized. To compound the security circumstance, a few governments have offered credit offices to arms sellers to extend their exchange. What's more, the administration controlled the exchange, to such an extent that the end client of the weapons was resolved affected by the specialists. In this embodiment, the administration of the buying countries and the selling countries was advancing arms multiplication for use in outfitted clashes. The outfitted clashes clearly deteriorated to poor security and grave helpful emergencies. Since arms exchange is a significant part of security circumstances in numerous nations, the administration is generally a significant player in the assembling and offer of weapons. In Africa, which is the mainland that is influenced by the vast majority of the arms exchange, there are hardly any makers of arms who are moved in South Africa. Little arms businesses in Africa vary with comparable arrangements in the remainder of the world. To evade the danger of little arms getting under the control of illicit gatherings and lawbreakers, and individuals with vindictive goal, the legislatures of the concerned nations intently screen the arms business in African nations. The odds that a weapon fabricated in Africa got under the control of lawbreakers are thin. Most unlawful firearms in Africa have been makes in different landmasses, a nd are diverted to the market through illicit exchange. Some of nearby gunsmiths in territories influenced by outfitted clashes produce firearms with no permit. The illicit makers are equipped for creating weapons of a modern norm. Outfitted local army and crooks gain the firearms through unlawful exchange with the producers. Pirating of guns across fringes by illicit dealers is additionally basic in numerous pieces of Africa (Dizard and Andrews 27).Advertising Searching for article on political culture? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The finish of the significant world clashes, for example, the World War and the Cold War denoted the start of littler sort of contentions that depended on little arms. It is during this period that the created countries have sent out enormous quantities of weapons to the more unfortunate states without disapproving of the contention that these weapons fuel. Wars give a time of serious assembling by weapon businesses yet don't really mean more benefit for the firearm makers. Notwithstanding, a large portion of contentions around the globe have been gone before by gathering of combat hardware, which clearly originate from the arms makers. Governments continually bolster the arms business so as to grow progressively modern weaponry, and this by implication fills clashes far and wide (Malcom 28). Likewise, created nations have offered arms arrangements to less prepared nations in requests to get political favors such the agree to set up army installations in the said nations. The arms ga ve to the nations can't be successfully observed to guarantee that they are not utilized in any offbeat way that causes superfluous penetrate of security. The offer of arms has bit by bit moved to the creating countries because of expanding strife in those nations. Consolidated social, monetary, and political weight in these nations has frequently prompted outfitted clashes. In addition, the nearness of an enormous number of weapons and ammo has likewise fuelled furnished clashes for an extended period. Multiplication of arms by the underdeveloped nations was supported by the Cold War to a great extent. The socialist nations provided a lot of arms to their ranges of authority while the western entrepreneur nations provided weapons to the th

Ignorance and Demand for Liability Insurance

Question: Examine about the Ignorance and Demand for Liability Insurance. Answer: Presentation: A shop that invites individuals to purchase their items has an obligation to guarantee they are sensibly sheltered. In the event that a client falls in the store because of a nonsensical condition, the individual in question can guarantee for injury against the store. On account of Tamara and Aldi Supermarket, for instance, Tamara is a reliable client to the store. Be that as it may, one Saturday morning as Tamara was running towards the most distant finish of the confectionary walkway, she slips on a softened dessert and falls, whereupon she crushes her spirit. Therefore, Tamara goes through a while recouping in emergency clinic with general harms alone in abundance of $700,000. Presently, she needs to sue Aldi Supermarket for the carelessness of her misfortunes, however Aldi Supermarket can demonstrate that it has a part who cleans the passageway after at regular intervals. Along these lines, what follows in this conversation is the lawful prerequisite on carelessness distortion an d further an examination of what Tamara ought to do in her circumstance. Lawful Requirement in a Negligent Misrepresentation Action In instances of careless distortion, the standard laws of carelessness apply. Be that as it may, the offended party, for this situation, Tamara, must demonstrate three things in the activity: the litigant owes her an obligation of care; she confronted harm or financial misfortune; the respondent went beneath the important standard of care. The Duty of Care As per Fleming, the obligation of care is a commitment, perceived by law, to maintain a strategic distance from lead laden with irrational danger of risk to other people (Sadler, 2009, p.19). At the point when the offended party faces unadulterated monetary misfortune, it turns out to be very hard for that person (Velasco, 2015, p.648). This is the place the contentions dependent on indeterminacy get played out. The obligation of care idea shows that the courts visualized that the two gatherings the offended party and the respondent (Tamara and Aldi Supermarket individually) must be in a closeness or proximity (Kangoh, 2016, p.273). As indicated by Lord Atkin, in his discourse Donoghue v Stevenson, this relationship is known as a neighbor. Atkin says that You should take sensible consideration to stay away from acts or oversights which you can sensibly anticipate would probably harm your neighbor (Sadler, 2009, p.19). A neighbor, for this situation, is the individual who is intently and straightforwardly influenced by different people acts. In the event that the offended party endured individual injury, at that point the court experiences no difficulty in finding that the obligation of care exists (Greiner, 2014, p.530). The idea of the harm, accordingly, shows that at once there was a physical closeness between the two gatherings. In any case, if the harm has an absolutely financial misfortune, it turns out to be difficult for the court to show that there was an adequate connection between the gatherings for the foundation of the obligation of care. Standard of Care Standard of care is additionally called the extent of obligation. It is the carelessness part of a carelessness activity. A litigant is required to show a sensible standard of care, as is Aldi Supermarket. As indicated by the goal guidelines, the proper standard of sensible consideration is the standard which ought to have been reached by the law, and not as indicated by the litigant. On the off chance that the denounced doesn't arrive at the expert gauges, it infers that the person in question has not arrived at the necessary standard of care (Sadler, 2009, p.23). In any case, consistence with the acknowledged principles doesn't really infer that the litigant gets excused from obligation. Harm Another component that Tamara needs to demonstrate to the court is that she experienced harm the careless activity of Aldi Supermarket. In view of causation in customary law, Tamara must show that Aldi Supermarket added to her misfortune. Regardless, carelessness of the respondent may not be the main source of misfortune (Hamer, 2014, p.162; Pagura, 2015, p.255). The misfortune could likewise happen if the respondent isn't careless. In such manner, at that point the respondent isn't held subject for the offended parties misfortunes. The however for test is utilized to decide such circumstances (Sadler, 2009, p.24). The pragmatic impediments of this test are that: (1) the test holds that there was no reason for the injury in spite of having autonomous and adequate reasons for the mishap that brought about injury. (2) For the situation of a supplanting occasion between the careless activity of the litigant and the injury to the offended party, the court settle this judicially by consol idating the yet for and the good judgment test. In the event that the respondents carelessness made injury the offended party, the offended party gets just remunerated where the harm was sensibly predictable. As indicated by the Civil Liability Act, on the Scope of Liability,' the outcomes to a litigant are sensibly predictable on the off chance that they lead to genuine hazard which a sensible man would forestall (Bajtelsmit Thistle, 2009, p.110). Investigation Tamara slipped, fell and got harmed in Aldi Supermarket. This is sufficient to permit her to have a substantial case against the business. The purpose behind this is as referenced before: organizations have an obligation to guarantee their clients are sensibly sheltered (Zipursky, 2015, p.2142). In any case, having a legitimate lawful case isn't generally smooth in light of the fact that the offended party has a commitment to demonstrate to the Court that the slip and fall were because of hazardous conditions in the store. Other than that, the store will just have a duty to repay the client relying upon pfarticular realities about the mishap, however not founded on the basic conditions that may cause slip and fall in such stores. Hence, the legitimate duty of the business relies upon whether it ought to have sensibly seen the dangerous condition however neglected to make the necessary move to fix it. In any case, being that Aldi can demonstrate to the Court that it has a part who investigates and cleans the passageway after like clockwork, at that point it is obvious that the store shows a sensible standard of care. In addition, as per causation, the however for and the presence of mind tests, Tamaras injury couldn't be because of Aldis carelessness. There is a high possibility that she could in any case get harmed even without the issue of carelessness since it was morning and she was running quick to get the rest of the chocolate bar. In this way, on account of Tamara v Aldi Supermarket, Aldi isn't obligated for Tamaras misfortunes. Accordingly, Tamara ought not continue with the case. Reference List Bajtelsmit, V, Thistle, P 2009, 'Carelessness, Ignorance and the Demand for Liability Insurance,' Geneva Risk Insurance Review, 34, 2, pp. 105-116. Greiner, R 2014, 'Ecological Duty of Care: From Ethical Principle Towards a Code of Practice for the Grazing Industry in Queensland (Australia),' Journal of Agricultural Environmental Ethics, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 527-547. Hamer, D 2014, ''Factual causation' and 'extent of obligation': What's the distinction?', Modern Law Review, vol. 77, no. 2, pp. 155-188. Kangoh, L 2016, 'Hazard avoidance, the Hand Rule, and Comparison between Strict Liability and the Negligence Rule,' Review Of Law Economics, 12, 2, pp. 261-274. Pagura, I 2015, 'Carelessness: What you have to know,' Journal of the Australian Traditional-Medicine Society, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 254-256. Sadler, P 2009, Liability for Negligent Misrepresentation in the Finance Industry.' first ed. [ebook] School of Business Law and Taxation, pp.17-25. Accessible at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/diaries/LegIssBus/2009/3.pdf [Accessed 17 Jan. 2017]. Velasco, J 2015, 'A Defense of the Corporate Law Duty of Care,' Journal of Corporation Law, 40, 3, pp. 647-703. Zipursky, BC 2015, 'Sensibility In And Out Of Negligence Law,' University Of Pennsylvania Law Review, 163, 7, pp. 2131-2170.

American Stereotypes Essay Example for Free

American Stereotypes Essay The United States is an exceptional country in a few different ways, however there is particularly one (actuality) which interests me. Furthermore, that is remote people groups interests and thoughts regarding the American individuals. The assorted variety of thoughts and implications about the American individuals is shocking, and the generalizations are many. A few generalizations are more usually utilized than others and I have a few speculations about how they happened. Since generalizations in our days are the aftereffects of impressions, I will compose what I accept are the sources to the generalizations and on the off chance that they are substantial. I will utilize three of the generalizations I accept are the most famous in our days, so as to delineate my speculations in this exposition. I have picked these generalizations; ? The regular white American living in the city ?The normal Afro-American living in the city. ?The basic white American living in the field The regular white American living in the city. One of the generalizations which frequently is perceived as a run of the mill American, is the normal white American in the city. This generalization is normally described as a hefty and apathetic individual with poor dietary patterns, a little condo and functioning as an every day supervisor in a store. This generalization is frequently perceived of having a poor public activity and it is regularly ensnared that the individual has inclinations of being harsh. The normal Afro-American living in the city. This generalization is typically portrayed as a hefty individual with little knowledge, an ineffectively paid activity and an ugly condo. This generalization is frequently perceived of having characteristics, for example, horrendous dietary patterns, a propensity to be uproarious and is regularly criminal. The normal white American living in the open country. This generalization is normally portrayed as an individual with low insight who work with agribusiness and lives in an old cottage. This generalization is frequently perceived with so much characteristics as being unwelcoming towards outsiders, having horrible individual It is wring to dra alle over en kam. America is a far reaching and multi social country and this implies there is difficult to normalize an american.

Civilization Collapse and Environmental History Essay

Human progress Collapse and Environmental History - Essay Example The dissidents were stifled and their pioneers executed in 1788. Pierre-Etienne further explains that additionally during the 1780s, in Gansu region, there were two significant rebellions of the Muslim people group, started by disciples of a fundamentalist new order who contradicted the neighborhood Muslim authorities designated by the Qing. Both Muslim uprisings were stifled after overwhelming battling, similar to a progression of rebellions by Miao tribesmen in southwest China. In any case, the battling was exorbitant to the Qing, who regardless of their triumphs didn't kill the fundamental reasons for strict, monetary, and ethnic feelings of disdain. In 1799, as Qianlong's rule finished, rebels guaranteeing a similar White Lotus association that had vivified the devotees' of Wang Lun were ascending the whole way across focal China and were effectively battling Qing troops in numerous territories of Sichuan, Hubei, Shaanxi, and Henan. Would one be able to interface these flare-ups to Specific Manchu strategies that estranged the individuals The proof isn't sure about this, yet it is sure that in the late eighteenth century numerous Qing government foundations started to waver: the crisis storage facilities were frequently unfilled, areas of the Grand Canal silted up, normal standard soldiers carried on with inadequacy or severity, endeavors to stop naturally perilous land-recovery ventures were relinquished, the administration was group ridden, and debasement ran profound. It is additionally conceivable that Qing hesitance to make new province governments in territories of new settlement or thick populace put outlandish weights on authorities in the administration. Also, the extraordinary weight for employments implied that the individuals who had at last gotten office looked for a quick return' for all their pausing and nervousness, squeezing nearby workers in their locales for fast expense installments and for a dvantageous charges. The White Lotus guerillas of the 1790s, for example, expressed completely that the authorities have constrained the individuals to revolt. It is likewise evident that in the lead of the outskirt crusades, as in the concealment of neighborhood uprisings, Qing authorities enjoyed a curiously elevated level of unite. This was made conceivable by plot between high figures in military and common government, who frequently concealed the genuine circumstance from Emperor Qianlong. What's more, Qianlong, having permitted the mystery castle dedication arrangement of his dad Yongzheng to get generic and schedule, presently had no dependable, secret sources from which to learn of his authorities' wrongdoing. There is no uncertainty that this example of debasement deteriorated after 1775, when a youthful Manchu monitors official named Heshen got settled in as the old ruler's court favorite,although Heshen was not liable for everything that was going amiss. Around then Heshe n was twenty-five and the ruler sixty-five, and the next year the most loved got an exceptional arrangement of advancements: Qianlong named Heshen an appointee lieutenant general of the Manchu plain blue standard, a pastor of the majestic family, bad habit clergyman of income, and an amazing councilor. There were no equals in Qing history for giving such a large number of ground-breaking arrangements to a youngster, and Qianlong later heaped respect on respect. Heshen was made pastor of income (and, for a period, serve' of common

When Resumes Are Made Whiter to Please Potential Employers

When Resumes Are Made ‘Whiter’ to Please Potential Employers Professors and researchers have been warning about the practice of resume whitening for a while now! It is not myth, it is very real, and the practice is continuing to spread.Candidates belonging to minority groups noticed the apparent discriminatory treatment by many employers and decided to do something about it. They modify their names, experience and generally, shape their appearance on the resume so that it sounds more ‘white’!In the past couple of years many studies and researchers have been conducted to explore this specific phenomenon and a lot has been discovered.When it comes to inclusion and diversity in the workplace, all of this may be just a facade and the reality for many minority candidates looks entirely different.Candidates are still struggling with apparent employment discrimination and not wanting to take any more chances, they decide to give the employer exactly what he wants…And if judged by experiences, this tends to be a ‘whiter’ candidate.Let us loo k at the very concept of employment discrimination, resume ‘whitening’ and the methods in which “whitening” can be conducted.RESUME AND CLASS CUESWe all know it: a good resume is an absolute must when it comes to successful job hunt.And if you are still unsure whether your resume reflects your education, background and skills in the best way possible, you may consider dedicating some time to make it perfect.You probably think drafting a good resume is a no brainer, but it is astonishing just how much time and dedication this task may end up requiring.Every detail matters! This means you need to pay attention to the content and formatting. Furthermore, you may want to consider which information you actually wish to disclose there.Less is more and not just because you have limited place to deliver a desired content (a good resume should not be longer than two A4 pages).On an average, a recruiter will dedicate some 5-7 seconds to your resume, before deciding whether your applic ation will be processed further. A fast call!Therefore, you may want to reconsider what your most important achievements and skills are, hence, what should be the key takeout from your resume.So, that is one thing.There are certain technical challenges when it comes to drafting a good resume.On the other hand, there is an issue of self-presentation. You will want a recruiter to see the very best of you!So, what happens when your best is not good enough? And I am not talking about the lack of experience or skills. I am talking about your personal qualities, class cues and personal traits…Researchers tried to inspect whether and to what extent personal traits of a candidate can affect a person reviewing his/or her resume (i.e. his/her job application).As it turns out, certain class cues, e.g. gender, race or ethnicity, can and frequently do, affect the recruiting process significantly.Being aware of this fact, candidates belonging to certain frequently discriminated groups tried to find solutions and minimize their unfavorable treatment.They realized that downplaying relevant class cues may help them land desired interviews more successfully.This article will deal with this phenomenon and explore tactics and strategies frequently used to avoid discrimination in the resumes prescreening phase, especially in cases of employment discrimination based on race.We will kick off the topic by exploring the very concept of racial discrimination…DISCRIMINATION DURING RECRUITINGRace, stigma and collective imageEmployment discrimination is a form of discrimination based on race, gender, religion, national origin, physical or mental disability, age, sexual orientation, and gender identity by employers.We all know this kind of behavior is unacceptable and can trigger severe legal consequences.However, this is just theory and in practice, rules tend to be more flexible.Numerous studies report and warn that employment discrimination continues to be a big issue. Evidence for this kind of behavior is very hard to provide, which is why it frequently ends up without any consequence whatsoever.When it comes to racial discrimination, it has been an ongoing issue for centuries and unfortunately, still shapes the reality of many individuals belonging to specific minorities.This form of discrimination substantially influences labor market by blocking racial minorities’ access to career opportunities in many fields (Pager, 2007). To put it plainly: equally skilled candidates experience constant rejections, due to no other reason, other than their race/ethnicity.But why does ones’ race/ethnicity matter?Shouldn’t we all be judged by our individual character, appearance and achievements?The answer is yes but unfortunately, the human brain doesn’t always work in such a sophisticated way and our decisions may frequently be affected by our sub-conscious perceptions and biases.Let me try to explain this…Racial minority status can arouse a kind of collective s tigma based on real or imagined attributes associated with a specific racial group. Influenced by this collective image, recruiters start to believe all members of this racial group have same specific attributes (e.g. Asians are smart and hard-working).Inevitably, this ends up affecting decisions regarding all candidates belonging to this minority group. The outcome may differ, but this kind of bias can certainly limit ones’ chances and opportunities significantly.Tragically, recruiters are often not even aware they are discriminating against a certain candidate owing to his/hers race or ethnicity…“Unconscious” biasHow can one not realize he/she is discriminating? I have been wondering myself the same thing…This kind of behavior has been noticed and observed by researchers intensively and the phenomenon has become known as ‘unconscious bias’.Recruiters are affected on a completely unconscious level and this bias is a result of ones’ specific perceptions, ideas and ex perience.It’s a quite simple, actually: How we are and what we know affects how we see other people. This is a general wisdom which, apparently, applies to the recruiting process as well.A simple example: You had a set of bad experiences on your trip to Spain… Chances are you may not only have bad memories and negative associations related to Spain, but you may also realize you hold a certain grudge towards Spanish people in general.Being a recruiter in this scenario, you would unconsciously want to eliminate a Spanish candidate from the run for a position. And you could be completely unaware of such intention!‘Unconscious bias’ is relevant to employment discrimination, for it may trigger a discriminatory behavior without recruiters even being aware of it.This may happen because people tend to hire people who resemble them or people they feel safe around.On the other hand, it may simply be that recruiters hold some deep grounded believes or ideas about a certain group and th ese inevitably affect their decision-making process.You probably heard these or similar statements: Germans are less talkative than Spanish; Brazilians are crazy about football; women take more days off, men are more resistant and take fewer sick leaves; Muslims are extreme when it comes to religion etc.These may seem ridiculous, but such beliefs can actually build a basis for discriminatory decisions.Understanding ‘unconscious bias’ and the way it works is extremely beneficial, for it makes you more sensitive to the information which could potentially work against you.In fact, many candidates already realized their class cues may work against them in the recruitment process which is why they began searching for ways to downplay these as much as possible… CONCEPT OF RESUME ‘WHITENING’This practice has first been noticed by students belonging to minority groups who were actively looking for jobs or internships (predominantly on US and UK colleges).These students felt freque ntly discriminated against by potential employers owing to their race/ethnicity.As it turned out, they were right…Different studies detected drastic discriminatory behavior by employers, and this is only one of the obtained results: resumes containing minority racial cues, e.g. distinctively African or Asian name, lead to 30-50% fewer callbacks from employers than otherwise equivalent resumes without similar cues!In their attempts to cope with such reality, minority job applicants decide to ‘whiten’ resumes by deleting references to their race or ethnicity. All this in hope of improving chances of getting a desired job…The ‘whitening’ may be conducted in the following manner:name modificationwork/volunteering experience modificationfailure to mention a current address or place of birth etc.Some candidates even went so far as not to mention their Bachelor studies or High school, for these could be strongly affiliated with a certain minority group (e.g. typically “black college” or a high school in a predominantly “Latino” neighborhood).Now, I know what you are thinking… Can it really be that omitting a major part of education or work experience can be beneficial for anyone?As a recent graduate, I went back to use my high school volunteering experiences so that my resume would not seem empty! How beneficial can it be to skip a whole part of your college education on a resume?Sadly, altering or omitting certain information proved to be extremely useful and even necessary for the members of specific minority groups.More precisely: researchers showed that companies are more than twice more likely to call minority applicants for interviews if they submit ‘whitened’ resumes, as opposed to candidates who reveal their race.And to make it even worse, such discriminatory practice is just as present in companies which claim to value diversity as in those that don’t.Following a rapid growth of success rates in a job hunt of those candidates who gave in to these strategies, the trend continued to spread.Nowadays, resume ‘whitening’ is no longer considered uncommon and this practice is something many people are familiar with, be it directly or through other people who did it.A recent study reported that two-thirds of all interviewees said they know others (typically friends or family members) who whitened their resumes/job application materials.But how exactly does a ‘whitened’ resume look like?How is ‘whitening’ conducted? DIFFERENT MINORITIES, DIFFERENT WHITENING TECHNIQUESThe reason why this practice of resume modification is called ‘whitening’ is self-explanatory.By doing this, members of specific minorities try to present them self as less black, Asian or Hispanic, at least on their resumes… They try to appear more ‘white’.As previously mentioned, this practice has been mostly observed and researched on territories of the US and UK which is why the focus lies on certain minorities and their discrim ination.Still, I think it is safe to say that this and similar practices follow employers’ discriminatory behavior, and unfortunately, discrimination is not something limited to a specific territory!That being said, depending on a territory or region, different minorities may expect different scale of discriminatory treatment.In some countries, there is an actual belief that Asian people are smarter and more hard-working than all others, hence, when looking for a job, they find themselves in a better position.In the US, this group frequently faces a discriminatory treatment by employers… So, it really depends on many factors.Depending on a person and a minority group this person belongs to, the way in which he or she conducts the ‘whitening’ may differ.I already mentioned a few ways in which ‘whitening’ can be conducted.Here, I will focus on two most frequently used strategies: name and experience modification.Name modificationOf participants who reported personally enga ging in resume ‘whitening’, nearly 50% indicated they changed the presentation of their first name on their resume.In some cases, this includes the usage of a name entirely different from ones’ legal/official name.To give an example from one of the relevant studies: One Asian student reported she commonly switched to a more “American-sounding” name on her resume when applying for jobs.Other study participants engaged in somewhat subtler techniques, such as:using shorter/alternative version of a name (Aleksandra to Alex)using middle name (Luis Felipe to Philip), and most frequentlymodification of the writing (Ana to Anne, Filip to Philip, Marko to Marc etc.)putting both versions of the name on a resume.In some minorities circles, this practice is considered as a must if one is aiming for a successful career (Asian candidates).These candidates are frequently advised to change the name by the very members of that same minority group!Name modification proved to be a widespread practice among Asians, however, many black and Hispano candidates also stated they presented their name differently at some point.Experience modification More than two-thirds of participants who reported some form of resume whitening mentioned changing the presentation of their professional experiences or extracurricular activities.Such modifications predominantly take one of these three forms:omitting experiences that might be associated with a minority status or negative racial stereotypes (e.g. omitting to volunteer in “Black women organization”)altering the description of such activities so they would have a more race-neutral tone (e.g. not mentioning specifics of a position or an organization, or giving a generic or English name to an organization instead of stating a genuine name)emphasizing experiences that signal “whiteness” or a connection with “white culture” (usually done with hobbies or extracurriculars, e.g.: mention of specific clubs, hiking, snowboarding, sailing etc.).As already mentioned, I long dwelled on how such practices can be advantageous for potential candidates.How can an employer dislike your volunteering experience which entails a fantastic cause and engagement?How can it matter if that experience happened to be in an organization predominantly engaged with “black” people?Unfortunately, it mattersMany people who reportedly engaged in the resume ‘whitening’ claimed other members of their minority group specifically advised them to take such experiences off their resumes for everything even remotely related to ones’ racial identity, can be harmful for a career.For example, being a holder of a community scholarship can work against a candidate.A recruiter could think a candidate has been given an advantage and special treatment only because of his/her race and may not like this “special treatment”.Furthermore, an engagement in racially affiliated organizations could be considered too extremist or even politica l. And naturally, a recruiter will not like this focus on your racial identity for it may be disturbing for other people working in the firm…So basically, very few information turned out to be completely safe if interpreted in a racial context.DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION AT A WORK PLACENowadays, many companies insist on their inclusion policies and practice.Obviously, discrimination is no longer acceptable and big companies know very well that affiliation with such practices may destroy their image and success rates in a second.Everyone is striving to be inclusive, liberal and finally, a desirable employer. Inclusion promotion, initiatives, open discussion about racial discrimination…These are just some strategies engaged with the purpose of achieving the above-mentioned goals, hence, inclusion and diversity.But it is not only about creating inclusive environment for those already working in such companies.It is also about potential candidates considering whether to apply for positi ons therein as well.Companies invest a lot of time and money to promote their “inclusive” image and attract candidates of all “shapes, sizes and colors”.But do these strategies actually work? Are they real? And the most important question: Do they actually prevent racial discrimination and secure inclusion?Unfortunately, the answer to the last question is a simple no. They do not prevent racial discrimination and some recent researchers proved that this inclusive image may in many situations be nothing else but a facade and even more, a trap.As a matter of fact, this kind of image may end up being very tricky, for potential candidates who see job postings stating: “variety appreciated” or “minorities are strongly encouraged to apply”, tend to feel more secure and feel they can be opened about themselves, hence, their race/ethnicity.They decide to disclose more, emphasizing their racial/religious/cultural “identity”, with the hope companies with such inclusive env ironment may come to appreciate it.Unfortunately, the desired result rarely occurs.In reality, these companies have same discrimination rates as other, “less inclusive” ones.By disclosing more, candidates just become more vulnerable to the discriminatory treatment they would otherwise face.In  the end, it is no wonder many decide to give in and try different methods of resume whitening RESUME “WHITENING”: A PROBLEMATIC PRACTICE?So here we are…Studies have shown that the practice of ‘whitening’ exists and continues to exist owing to its successful results.Nevertheless, regardless of short-term results and several success stories, can we really say resume whitening is a good practice?While reading about these studies and different cases of people who actually engaged in this practice, I felt very amused but also, slightly saddened.It could be a wise thing to do, no doubt about that. Discrimination is real, and biases are something each and every one of us has. Pretending this is not the case would be plain stupid.Growing up, we are frequently told: If you cannot change the situation you are in, change the way in which you perceive it and ultimately, change your behavior and reaction towards it.So, realizing it may be necessary to ‘whiten’ your resume and background a bit may even be considered wise, right?Yes, maybe… But imagine getting an interview and getting a job. Imagine getting a job at a company following the ‘whitening’ of your resume for that very same company.They will probably notice you are black/Asian or Latino by the time you get a job offer, so one can say it’s not such big of a deal you had to ‘whiten’ your resume here and there… No big deal, right?Depends… How inclusive do you expect this company to be on an everyday basis?If a company tends to engage in discriminatory behavior at the recruiting level already, chances are that it will not have an inclusive treatment towards minorities overall.Therefore, you may get a desired job but end up being ignored, left out or mistreated.It may not end up being so drastic, but you may recognize yourself “covering” and continuing to pretend in one way or another…And trust me, this can be a living hell as well!But ok, all of this may not happen. You may end up getting a desired job, happy end.Or is it?There is a thing called “collective identity” and although the extent of it may vary from one person to another, every one of us has it.Collective identity may be grounded in ones’ race, ethnicity, religion, nationality or even school, college or neighborhood.As humans, we have an urge to belong to a certain tribe, group, nation… And this belonging inevitably shapes our individual identity.To ‘whiten’ your resume means to leave out an important part of your identity unmentioned and/or covered.It means that you are, in a way, afraid or ashamed to show your true self. And rare are those, who can be completely unaffected by this realization .Finally, by omitting to such practices, one in a way admits or acknowledges that it may be bad to be different from the majority.In a way, if even indirectly, one chooses the easier way and ends up encouraging discriminatory practice and behavior.Far-fetched or too harsh? Maybe, but not entirely unrealistic…Therefore, there are multiple problematic aspects of the “whitening” practice: practical, ethical and psychological.In any event, it would be naïve to think that not revealing a big part of the identity can leave you completely untouched and the same. By changing your appearance on paper, you are, to some extent, obliged to change it in real life as well.Finally, problematic or not, it is of the utmost importance to understand the logic and reasoning behind the resume ‘whitening’.This practice is nothing else but a direct consequence of recruiters’ discriminatory behavior and rather than judging one for engaging in it, our focus should be on the very issue of discri mination and how we can fight it.

The Motif of Death in The Reader - Literature Essay Samples

Suicide is a dark subject, usually avoided in every-day conversation and in Youth Literature. This is understandable. Some topics require a developed level of maturity in order to be fully comprehended. However, the darkness of a subject, while understandably deeming it a taboo topic, should not render it impossible to discuss in a society which desperately needs to understand it. The importance of being comfortable shrinks in comparison with the importance of trying to save lives. Society must face its fear of discomfort in order to achieve the greater good. Hence, in the novel The Reader by Bernhard Schlink, the author uses Hanna’s suicide as a motif to analyze differing attitudes toward death. One motive for Hanna’s suicide appears to be the need to escape the moral weight of her wrongdoing. After Hanna learns to read, she spends time studying â€Å"a general concentration-camp bibliography, and†¦ some books on women in the camps, both prisoners and guards† (Schlink 205). With the knowledge she gains from these books, Hanna fully realizes the implications of her actions at the Nazi guard camp. She cannot escape the truth in written ink, and this truth convicts her. She is weighed down by the loss of life she had caused, which cannot be undone. Ironically, before, it was Hanna’s fear which rendered her innocent, as her illiteracy prevented her from understanding the full effects of her actions at the prison. After overcoming this fear, she is faced with yet another obstacle; her maturity from this new knowledge burdens her with a heavy conscience. Overall, she is too overwhelmed to face her problems, which may have contributed to her motivation to take her own life. Therefore, this motivation would consider death to be freedom from the seemingly unbearable pain of life. Another motive for Hanna’s action is the realization that her hope in the possible romance with Michael is just the product of a long-term accumulation of imagined fantasies. At first, Michael is presented as the one who fantasizes, because of his description of his infatuation, claiming: â€Å"I could barely sleep, I was yearning for her, I dreamed of her†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Schlink 27). However, in truth, Hanna idealizes Michael in the same way. For example, in the last scene before she leaves him in his youth, when she sees him at the pool, Hanna expects Michael to act as if he recognizes her as his lover (Schlink 79-80). Here is where Hanna’s image of Michael is shattered for the first time. She has unrealistic expectations of him which do not hold up to the reality of his youthful character. The second time Hanna realizes Michael does not meet her ideal is the day before she is supposed to be released from prison. Michael is cold and casual in conversation, and does no t perceive Hanna in the same light as before (Schlink 195). He is obviously no longer interested in her romantically, and she wastes no time trying to convince him or herself that the situation is fixable. Instead of choosing to live in a reality which consistently crushes her dreams, Hanna chooses to live in a dream world of her own. She would rather live in the reality she perceives than face yet another obstacle to her own happiness. Therefore, this rationale would define death as an eternal sleep, an alternative world to the loveless one she was living in. The final possible motive for Hanna’s action is she feels she has nothing more to live for. In her own perspective, she pays the price for her actions as a Nazi guard with her time spent in the prison. In the prison, she is not only punished in the inherently restrictive nature of losing all her freedom and choice, but she even rejects the respect of her fellow inmates by â€Å"redefine[ing] her place in a way that was right for her, but no longer impressed the other women† (Schlink 207). Hanna purposely lets herself become unattractive and unappealing in order to cease the adoration she receives from the other women. The nature of prison is not a punishment enough in her opinion, possibly because her life before prison was already severely restricted by her illiteracy, so a controlled environment was all too common to her. Hence, she purposely isolates herself as a penance for her deeds. In addition, Michael’s rejection of Hanna makes her lose hope of any love i n her life, as she doesn’t have any family left either. Because she considers her penance paid and her possibility of finding love non-existant, Hanna gives up. There is no story left for her on earth. Hanna has never known anything in life other than the fear of her secret being discovered; her â€Å"motive was fear of exposure† (Schlink 132). After she overcomes that fear, though she is free to live, she is too set in her ways to find new meaning. She was so filled with fear for most of her life, that once she is rid of it she can’t fill the whole in her heart with anything else. Quite simply, she’s all empty. If life does not offer hope to Hanna, death does. It is, in her mind, the next logical step, the next step forward. This logic would define death as â€Å"but the next great adventure† (J. K. Rowling). Hanna cannot find meaning in the physical world, so she looks to the unknown for answers. To clarify, while death is inevitable, Hanna’s choice was done out of angst and her mentality was unhealthy. Schlink does not pardon Hanna; he simply looks to explain people like her, to offer another perspective of the effects of the Holocaust. Understanding Hanna is vital in order to move forward as a society. She found death to be freedom, a dream world, and the next great adventure because she was desperate. Her desperation is the same one the actors within the Holocaust felt. It is a desperation which allows for cruelty, both to oneself and to others. It can be found at the core of almost every evil deed. This desperation cannot be dealt with by condemning a large group of people as bad, and leaving them to sit with blame. This only fuels hatred. Desperate people must be understood in order to be helped. Schlink’s message is the world does not need damned, it needs to be understood. Hanna overcame her fear and learned to read, but it was too late for her to save he rself. Society, too, must face its fear of taboo and dark subjects in order to face the increasing issue of suicide. It must put in the effort understand, to offer sympathy where it is needed, and to move forward in light of whatever understanding it gains. If society does not take up its torch now, it may be too late. Sources: The Reader by Bernhard Schlink Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone by J. K. Rowling

The Effects Of Technology On The Classroom - 1519 Words

Classrooms today look almost nothing like the classrooms of past generations. Modern classrooms revolve around technology, every room has either a projector or smart board front and center. A significant amount of homework is submitted digitally, and a computer is often a class requirement. Many studies have shown the positive effects these teaching and learning techniques have, and the results are not often disputed. Technology is helping educate students even at the elementary level, but studies are showing a decline in average IQ compared to data collected in the last half a century or so when this technology didn’t exist. A study by the U.S. Census Bureau showed a 2.44-point IQ drop from 1950 to 2000, and predicts an additional†¦show more content†¦Rob Asghar wrote in his article â€Å"4 Ways Your Smartphone Is Making You Dumber† in Forbes magazine that, â€Å"Chronic under sleeping can lead to 15 points or more of IQ loss† (par 2). The ability to th row away up to fifteen IQ points is truly a first world privilege that is a huge contributor to the decline of intelligence in America: fortunately, this problem is easily fixed by placing mobile devices out of arms reach at night and self-imposing a healthy sleep schedule. Not all the contributing factors are as easily fixed as distancing one’s self from distractions though, one of the issues causing average intelligence to decrease lies in the trends of low educated families increasing their numbers at a higher rate than ones with educated parents. The population of the United States in 1950 was just over 153 million people, compared to the current population of 323 million. In less than a century the Population of the U.S. has more than doubled. Understanding how averages work, a higher number of overall people will balance out the average and cause the outliers in both directions to essentially be covered up. This means that with a higher population, it takes a massive am ount of either higher or lower IQs to change the average significantly. The fact that average IQ is decreasing means that most of the increased population since 1950 had a below average IQ. The Unites StatesShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Technology On The Classroom1328 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States spend about nine hours using technology, according to a recent report (Common Sense Media). This nine hours is more time than teenagers spend sleeping, completing homework, or interacting with family. In recent years, constant access to the internet and social networking sites has created an addiction- a reliance that today’s youth can’t navigate around. Simultaneous with the greater presence of technology is greater success in the classroom. Over the past decade, the number of studentsRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On The Classroom960 Words   |  4 PagesIPads and all of this new technology is being used more to play Flappy Bird than get any real schoolwork done. With new innovations in technology, schools have decided to incorporate devices like the Smartboard or IPad, but we do not know how to use them effectively to teach. Sure, these devices c ould be of some help, but the school board has not effectively taught teachers how to fully utilize the very equipment they are using to teach their students. Even with a firewall that can block certainRead MoreThe Effect Of Technology On The Classroom Essay1210 Words   |  5 PagesThere is a growing trend in the use of technology in the classroom. As a teacher, I am always looking for ways to use manipulatives in my lessons to increase meaning and authenticity for students. I would love to keep my students engaged, motivated and interactive in the classroom and still be able to get through the content each day. In order to achieve this, I need to have an arsenal of tools to draw from. That is why I agree with (Tataroglu Erduran, 2010) as stated in the International ElectronicRead MoreThe Effects Of Technology On Our Classroom1166 Words   |  5 PagesUsing technology in the classroom gives students a much greater advantage in whatever job or lifestyle they decide to pursue afte r their academic careers. Technology has become so much apart of our daily lives, and routines that we cannot expect the younger generation to be able to keep up unless they are equipped with the tools that are necessary. Some people might argue that inundating kids with too much technology can be harmful. Another argument against technology is that it is putting kids outRead MoreThe Effects Of Educational Technology On The Classroom1345 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Paper: Effects of Educational Technology In the Classroom By: Nicole Ault Computer Science 313 October 1st, 2017 Abstract: This research paper includes several studies on the effects of children’s learning when incorporating technology into their lives. Overall, the studies mentioned can make technology be viewed as an aid or a hinder on a child’s cognitive development. For some people the advances of technology in today’s world can be viewed asRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Our Classroom Essay1452 Words   |  6 Pages Technology In Classrooms When people walk into a classroom and a teacher is up front lecturing, all they see are heads down on desks. As they walk around people are sleeping and doodling things like â€Å"I love you†, and writing their names 1000 different ways. The room makes someone feel like they are standing in a funeral home. It is boring and no one pays any attention, and anyone could notice that when there is dried drool on the desks for the next class. Not all classrooms are bland thoughRead MoreThe Positive And Negative Effects Of Technology In The Classroom959 Words   |  4 Pagesthey’ve introduced technology into classrooms. More than anything, people question how much technology helps a student, as well as whether or not it actually hinders their learning. Both positive and negative effects have made themselves present, and both are continuing to grow in number. Whether liked or not, technology is a large part of today’s world, and people will only continue to use it as it grows. In classrooms today, both positives and negatives result from the use of technology, as well as fromRead MoreThe Effects Of Technology On Classroom Practices And Student Outcomes1564 Words   |  7 Pagesall participants should be ensured at all times and the research should be conducted in an ethical manner (National Health and Medical Research Council, 2015, p.5). In the aforementioned research, studying the effects the investment of technology throughout their school was having on classroom practices and student outcomes – specifically in mathematics and science teaching, many ethical considerations must be taken into account. Researchers must have received the appropriate consent from all stakeholdersRead MoreTechnology : Does Technology Help Or Hinder The Student?966 Words   |  4 Pagesviewpoints of today’s generation, and how technology has taken over and welcomed itself into many aspects of our lives. This course paper will take a look at one topi c of interest in particular, which in hopes will shed some light on a heavily discussed topic in the education world: does technology help or hinder the student. This paper will look to prove the point and discover more about the way in which technology has been incorporated into the classroom, both in an elementary context as well asRead MoreHow Personal Computers Affect Student s Learning Processes Essay1691 Words   |  7 Pagescentury, technology like personal computers and tablets have become more accessible and inexpensive. The aim of this research is to inform the public and education institutions on how personal computers affect student’s learning processes in the classroom. Most universities require the access to computers in order to perform task and write assignments. This has manifested in having more computers in a classroom used by the lecturers and students. The massive evolution and consumption of technology have